Cano Cristales, a river located in Colombia’s Serranìa de la Macarena National Park, is known by various names like the “river of five colors,” “liquid rainbow,” or “melted rainbow.” Its enchanting appearance is a result of diverse colors visible beneath its clear waters, including bright greens, yellows, reds, purples, blue, hot pink, orange, and deep maroon, depending on light and water conditions.
The captivating color display is not a magical phenomenon but is attributed to a water plant named Macarenia clavigera. This aquatic plant, distinct from algae or moss, clings to the ancient quartzite rocks on the riverbed. The optimal vibrancy of colors is achieved when specific water levels and weather conditions align, with Caño Cristales offering the perfect environment for Macarenia clavigera to thrive.
The best time to experience the vibrant colors is during full sunlight when the light reflects the hues. The water levels must be adequately high to support plant growth yet not so high that the river bottom becomes obscured.
Generally, the peak vibrancy occurs between July and November. During the transition from the wet to the dry season, a unique event takes place. As the water level drops, the sun warms the moss and algae on the river’s bottom, leading to an explosive growth of blooms. The river floor’s distinctive plant, Macarenia clavigera, turns a brilliant red, complemented by yellow and green sand, blue water, and countless shades in between. This extraordinary display lasts for a brief period, typically from September through November. Caño Cristales has earned its reputation as the “river of five colors” and is often hailed as one of the most beautiful rivers globally.